352 lines
8.3 KiB
Python
352 lines
8.3 KiB
Python
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from pyglet.gl import *
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from pyglet.gl.gl import *
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from pyglet.gl.glu import *
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import numpy as np
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IS_PERSPECTIVE = True # 透视投影
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VIEW = np.array([-0.8, 0.8, -0.8, 0.8, 1.0, 20.0]) # 视景体的left/right/bottom/top/near/far六个面
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SCALE_K = np.array([1.0, 1.0, 1.0]) # 模型缩放比例
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EYE = np.array([0.0, 0.0, 2.0]) # 眼睛的位置（默认z轴的正方向）
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LOOK_AT = np.array([0.0, 0.0, 0.0]) # 瞄准方向的参考点（默认在坐标原点）
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EYE_UP = np.array([0.0, 1.0, 0.0]) # 定义对观察者而言的上方（默认y轴的正方向）
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WIN_W, WIN_H = 640, 480 # 保存窗口宽度和高度的变量
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LEFT_IS_DOWNED = False # 鼠标左键被按下
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MOUSE_X, MOUSE_Y = 0, 0 # 考察鼠标位移量时保存的起始位置
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def getposture():
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global EYE, LOOK_AT
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dist = np.sqrt(np.power((EYE-LOOK_AT), 2).sum())
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if dist > 0:
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phi = np.arcsin((EYE[1]-LOOK_AT[1])/dist)
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theta = np.arcsin((EYE[0]-LOOK_AT[0])/(dist*np.cos(phi)))
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else:
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phi = 0.0
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theta = 0.0
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return dist, phi, theta
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DIST, PHI, THETA = getposture() # 眼睛与观察目标之间的距离、仰角、方位角
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def init():
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glClearColor(0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) # 设置画布背景色。注意：这里必须是4个参数
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glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST) # 开启深度测试，实现遮挡关系
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glDepthFunc(GL_LEQUAL) # 设置深度测试函数（GL_LEQUAL只是选项之一）
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def draw():
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global IS_PERSPECTIVE, VIEW
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global EYE, LOOK_AT, EYE_UP
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global SCALE_K
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global WIN_W, WIN_H
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# 清除屏幕及深度缓存
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glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT)
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# 设置投影（透视投影）
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glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION)
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glLoadIdentity()
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if WIN_W > WIN_H:
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if IS_PERSPECTIVE:
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glFrustum(VIEW[0]*WIN_W/WIN_H, VIEW[1]*WIN_W/WIN_H, VIEW[2], VIEW[3], VIEW[4], VIEW[5])
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else:
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glOrtho(VIEW[0]*WIN_W/WIN_H, VIEW[1]*WIN_W/WIN_H, VIEW[2], VIEW[3], VIEW[4], VIEW[5])
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else:
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if IS_PERSPECTIVE:
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glFrustum(VIEW[0], VIEW[1], VIEW[2]*WIN_H/WIN_W, VIEW[3]*WIN_H/WIN_W, VIEW[4], VIEW[5])
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else:
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glOrtho(VIEW[0], VIEW[1], VIEW[2]*WIN_H/WIN_W, VIEW[3]*WIN_H/WIN_W, VIEW[4], VIEW[5])
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# 设置模型视图
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glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW)
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glLoadIdentity()
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# 几何变换
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glScaled(SCALE_K[0], SCALE_K[1], SCALE_K[2])
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# 设置视点
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gluLookAt(
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EYE[0], EYE[1], EYE[2],
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LOOK_AT[0], LOOK_AT[1], LOOK_AT[2],
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EYE_UP[0], EYE_UP[1], EYE_UP[2]
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)
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# 设置视口
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glViewport(0, 0, WIN_W, WIN_H)
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------
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glBegin(GL_LINES) # 开始绘制线段（世界坐标系）
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# 以红色绘制x轴
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glColor4f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) # 设置当前颜色为红色不透明
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glVertex3f(-0.8, 0.0, 0.0) # 设置x轴顶点（x轴负方向）
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glVertex3f(0.8, 0.0, 0.0) # 设置x轴顶点（x轴正方向）
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# 以绿色绘制y轴
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glColor4f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0) # 设置当前颜色为绿色不透明
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glVertex3f(0.0, -0.8, 0.0) # 设置y轴顶点（y轴负方向）
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glVertex3f(0.0, 0.8, 0.0) # 设置y轴顶点（y轴正方向）
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# 以蓝色绘制z轴
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glColor4f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0) # 设置当前颜色为蓝色不透明
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glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, -0.8) # 设置z轴顶点（z轴负方向）
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glVertex3f(0.0, 0.0, 0.8) # 设置z轴顶点（z轴正方向）
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glEnd() # 结束绘制线段
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------
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glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES) # 开始绘制三角形（z轴负半区）
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glColor4f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) # 设置当前颜色为红色不透明
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glVertex3f(-0.5, -0.366, -0.5) # 设置三角形顶点
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glColor4f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0) # 设置当前颜色为绿色不透明
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glVertex3f(0.5, -0.366, -0.5) # 设置三角形顶点
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glColor4f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0) # 设置当前颜色为蓝色不透明
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glVertex3f(0.0, 0.5, -0.5) # 设置三角形顶点
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glEnd() # 结束绘制三角形
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------
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glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES) # 开始绘制三角形（z轴正半区）
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glColor4f(1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) # 设置当前颜色为红色不透明
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glVertex3f(-0.5, 0.5, 0.5) # 设置三角形顶点
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glColor4f(0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0) # 设置当前颜色为绿色不透明
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glVertex3f(0.5, 0.5, 0.5) # 设置三角形顶点
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glColor4f(0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0) # 设置当前颜色为蓝色不透明
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glVertex3f(0.0, -0.366, 0.5) # 设置三角形顶点
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glEnd() # 结束绘制三角形
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------
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# glutSwapBuffers() # 切换缓冲区，以显示绘制内容
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def reshape(width, height):
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global WIN_W, WIN_H
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WIN_W, WIN_H = width, height
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glutPostRedisplay()
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def mouseclick(button, state, x, y):
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global SCALE_K
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global LEFT_IS_DOWNED
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global MOUSE_X, MOUSE_Y
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MOUSE_X, MOUSE_Y = x, y
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if button == GLUT_LEFT_BUTTON:
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LEFT_IS_DOWNED = state==GLUT_DOWN
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elif button == 3:
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SCALE_K *= 1.05
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glutPostRedisplay()
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elif button == 4:
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SCALE_K *= 0.95
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glutPostRedisplay()
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def mousemotion(x, y):
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global LEFT_IS_DOWNED
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global EYE, EYE_UP
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global MOUSE_X, MOUSE_Y
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global DIST, PHI, THETA
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global WIN_W, WIN_H
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if LEFT_IS_DOWNED:
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dx = MOUSE_X - x
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dy = y - MOUSE_Y
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MOUSE_X, MOUSE_Y = x, y
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PHI += 2*np.pi*dy/WIN_H
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PHI %= 2*np.pi
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THETA += 2*np.pi*dx/WIN_W
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THETA %= 2*np.pi
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r = DIST*np.cos(PHI)
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EYE[1] = DIST*np.sin(PHI)
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EYE[0] = r*np.sin(THETA)
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EYE[2] = r*np.cos(THETA)
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if 0.5*np.pi < PHI < 1.5*np.pi:
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EYE_UP[1] = -1.0
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else:
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EYE_UP[1] = 1.0
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glutPostRedisplay()
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def keydown(key, x, y):
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global DIST, PHI, THETA
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global EYE, LOOK_AT, EYE_UP
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global IS_PERSPECTIVE, VIEW
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if key in [b'x', b'X', b'y', b'Y', b'z', b'Z']:
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if key == b'x': # 瞄准参考点 x 减小
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LOOK_AT[0] -= 0.01
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elif key == b'X': # 瞄准参考 x 增大
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LOOK_AT[0] += 0.01
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elif key == b'y': # 瞄准参考点 y 减小
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LOOK_AT[1] -= 0.01
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elif key == b'Y': # 瞄准参考点 y 增大
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LOOK_AT[1] += 0.01
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elif key == b'z': # 瞄准参考点 z 减小
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LOOK_AT[2] -= 0.01
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elif key == b'Z': # 瞄准参考点 z 增大
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LOOK_AT[2] += 0.01
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DIST, PHI, THETA = getposture()
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glutPostRedisplay()
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elif key == b'\r': # 回车键，视点前进
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EYE = LOOK_AT + (EYE - LOOK_AT) * 0.9
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DIST, PHI, THETA = getposture()
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glutPostRedisplay()
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elif key == b'\x08': # 退格键，视点后退
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EYE = LOOK_AT + (EYE - LOOK_AT) * 1.1
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DIST, PHI, THETA = getposture()
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glutPostRedisplay()
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elif key == b' ': # 空格键，切换投影模式
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IS_PERSPECTIVE = not IS_PERSPECTIVE
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glutPostRedisplay()
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if __name__ == "__main__":
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glutInit()
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displayMode = GLUT_DOUBLE | GLUT_ALPHA | GLUT_DEPTH
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glutInitDisplayMode(displayMode)
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glutInitWindowSize(WIN_W, WIN_H)
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glutInitWindowPosition(300, 200)
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glutCreateWindow('Quidam Of OpenGL')
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init() # 初始化画布
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glutDisplayFunc(draw) # 注册回调函数draw()
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glutReshapeFunc(reshape) # 注册响应窗口改变的函数reshape()
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glutMouseFunc(mouseclick) # 注册响应鼠标点击的函数mouseclick()
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glutMotionFunc(mousemotion) # 注册响应鼠标拖拽的函数mousemotion()
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glutKeyboardFunc(keydown) # 注册键盘输入的函数keydown()
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glutMainLoop() # 进入glut主循环
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